The Impact of Safety Climate and Safety Participation on Employee Safety Performance with Transformational Leadership as a Moderator in the Palm Oil Sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijma.v4i3.32Keywords:
Safety Climate, Safety Behavior, Safety Participation, Safety Performance, Transformational Leadership, Palm Oil IndustryAbstract
Occupational safety and health (OHS) is a crucial aspect in the palm oil processing industry, which has a high level of work risk. The high number of workplace accidents indicates that the implementation of safety systems is not optimal. Factors such as safety climate , safety behavior , and safety leadership behavior are believed to influence safety performance , but previous research results still show inconsistencies. This study aims to analyze the effect of safety climate and safety participation on employee safety performance , as well as to test the role of transformational leadership as a moderating variable. The study used a quantitative approach with a survey method through a Likert scale questionnaire. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique . Data analysis was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using SmartPLS software to test validity, reliability, relationships between variables, and moderating effects. The results showed that safety climate had a positive and significant effect on safety performance , with the dominant indicator being commitment to safety . Meanwhile, safety behavior (especially safety participation ) did not have a significant effect on safety performance , which was caused by inconsistent and reactive behavior. Furthermore, transformational leadership as a moderating variable was unable to strengthen the relationship between the variables and even tended to weaken the influence of safety climate on safety performance . This indicates that the leadership role is not optimal, especially in terms of role modelling, communication, and the balance between production targets and occupational safety. In conclusion, safety climate is the main factor influencing safety performance improvement , while safety behavior has not made a significant contribution. The role of transformational leadership as a moderator is also ineffective, so it is necessary to improve leadership quality and strengthen safety culture comprehensively.
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